Storage Lipids
Fatty Acids
Are Hydrocarbon Derivatives
Triacylglycerols
Are Fatty Acid Esters of Glycerol
Triacylglycerols
Provide Stored Energy and Insulation.
BOX 9-1 Sperm
Whales: Fatheads of the Deep
Many Foods
Contain Triacylglycerols
Hydrolysis
of Triacylglycerols Produces Soaps
Waxes Serve
as Energy Stores and Water-Impermeable Coatings
Structural Lipids
in Membranes
Glycerophospholipids
Are Derivatives of Phosphatidic Acid
Some
Phospholipids Have Ether-Linked Fatty Acids
Sphingolipids
Are Derivatives of Sphingosine
Sphingolipids
Are Sites of Biological Recognition
BOX 9-2 Some
Inherited Human Diseases Resulting from Abnormal
Accumulations of Membrane Lipids
Specific
Phospholipases Degrade Membrane Phospholipids
Sterols
Have Four Fused Hydrocarbon Rings
Amphipathic
Lipids Aggregate
Lipids with
SpeciBc Biological Activities
Steroid
Hormones Carry Messages between Tissues
Hydrolysis
of Phosphatidylinositol Produces Intracellular
Messengers
Eicosanoids
Are Potent Biological Effectors
Vitamins
A, D, E, and K Are Fat-Soluble
Resolution and
Analysis of Lipids
Lipid
Extraction Requires Organic Solvents
Adsorption
Chromatography Separates Lipids of Different
Polarity
Gas-Liquid
Chromatography Resolves Mixtures of Volatile
Lipid Derivatives
Specific
Hydrolysis Aids in Determination of Lipid
Structure
SUMMARY
Further Reading
PROBLEMS
