Production of
Acetate
Pyruvate
Is Oxidized to Acetyl-CoA and CO2
The
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Requires Five
Coenzymes
The
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Consists of Three
Distinct Enzymes
Intermediates
Remain Bound to the Enzyme Surface
Reactions of the
Citric Acid Cycle
The Citric
Acid Cycle Has Eight Steps
BOX 15-1
Synthases, Synthetases, Ligases, Lyases, and Kinases: A
Refresher on Enzyme Nomenclature
The Energy
of Oxidations in the Cycle Is Efficiently
Conserved
How Was
the Cyclic Nature of the Pathway Established?
BOX 15-2 Is
Citric Acid the First TricarBOXylic Acid Formed in the
Cycle?
Why Is
the Oxidation of Acetate So Complicated?
Citric
Acid Cycle Components Are Important Biosynthetic
Intermediates
Anaplerotic
Reactions Replenish Citric Acid Cycle
Intermediates
Biotin
Carries O2 Groups
Regulation of the
Citric Acid Cycle
The
Production of Acetyl-CoA by the Pyruvate
Dehydrogenase Complex Is Regulated
Three
Enzymes of the Citric Acid Cycle Are Regulated
The Glyoxylate
Cycle
The
Glyoxylate Cycle Is a Variation of the Citric
Acid Cycle
The
Citric Acid and Glyoxylate Cycles Are
Coordinately Regulated
Summary
Further Reading
Problems
