Previous PageNext PagePrevious ChapterNext ChapterTo the very beginingContent of Principles of BiochemistryTo GlossarySee the instruction

Part III Bioenergetics and Metabolism

CHAPTER 18 Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

  • Mitochondrial Electron Flow
  • Electrons Are Funneled into Universal Electron Carriers
  • Several Types of Electron Carriers Act in the Respiratory Chain
  • Mitochondrial Electron Carriers Function in Serially Ordered Complexes
  • Electron Transfer to O2 Is Highly Exergonic
  • ATP Synthesis Coupled to Respiratory Electron Flow
  • Phosphorylation of ADP Is Coupled to Electron Transfer
  • ATP Synthase Is a Large Membrane-Protein Complex
  • ATP Synthase Is Related to ATP-Dependent Proton Pumps
  • The Chemiosmotic Model: A Proton Gradient couples Electron Flow and Phosphorylation
  • Strong Experimental Evidence Implicates the Proton-Motive Force in ATP Synthesis
  • The Detailed Mechanism of ATP Formation ftemains Elusive
  • The Proton-Motive Force Energizes Active Transport
  • Shuttle Systems Are Required for Mitochondrial Oxidation of Cytosolic NADH
  • Oxidative Phosphorylation Produces Most of the ATP Made in Aerobic Cells
  • Oxidative Phosphorylation Is Regulated by Cellular Energy Needs
  • Uncoupled Mitochondria in Brown Fat Produce Heat
  • ATP-Producing Pathways Are Coordinately Regulated
  • Mutations in Mitochondrial Genes Cause Human Disease
  • Mitochondria Probably Evolved from Endosymbiotic Bacteria
  • Photosynthesis: Harvesting Light Energy
  • Light Produces Electron Flow in Chloroplasts
  • Absorption of Light Excites Molecules
  • Chlorophylls Absorb Light Energy for Photosynthesis
  • Accessory Pigments Also Absorb Light
  • Chlorophyll Funnels Absorbed Energy to Reaction Centers
  • Light-Driven Electron Flow
  • Light Absorption by Photosystem II Initiates Charge Separation
  • Light Absorption by Photosystem I Creates a Powerful fteducing Agent
  • Photosystems I and II Cooperate to Carry Electrons from H2O to NADP+
  • The Cytochrome bf Complex Links Photosystems II and I
  • Coupling ATP Synthesis to Light-Driven Electron Flow
  • A Proton Gradient Couples Electron Flow and Phosphorylation
  • The ATP Synthase of Chloroplasts Is Like That of Mitochondria
  • Cyclic Electron Flow Produces ATP but Not NADPH or O2
  • Chloroplasts Probably Evolved from Endosymbiotic Cyanobacteria
  • Diverse Photosynthetic Organisms Use Hydrogen Donors Other Than H2O
  • The Structure of a Bacterial Photosystem fteaction Center Has Been Determined
  • Salt-Loving Bacteria Use Light Energy to Make ATP
  • Photosynthesis Uses the Energy in Light Very Efficiently
  • SUMMARY
  • Further Reading
  • Problems

    • Previous PageNext PagePrevious ChapterNext ChapterTo the very beginingContent of Principles of BiochemistryTo GlossarySee the instruction